India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya; English: Republic of India), is a country located in South Asia. It is the seventh largest country in the world in terms of area. It is the second most populated country, and the largest democracy in the world. With the Indian Ocean to the south, the Arabian Sea to the west, and the Bay of Bengal to the east, the country's coastline is 7,517 kilometers long. Its capital is New Delhi. Aryans, who crossed the Himalayas in 2000 years, laid the foundation of a lifestyle that would last for centuries in India. Later, the Maurya Empire dominated India. After the collapse of this empire, the Hun attacks put an end to the dominance of the Guptas in the country. After that, the period of principalities established in the country and the wars between them passed. Muslims first came to India in the eighth century. In 712, Mohammed bin Qasim's army entered India. Following this, the conquests of Muslim Arab armies and Ghaznavids were seen in the country. The expeditions of the Ghaznavids, initiated during the reign of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, resulted in the conquest of the whole of India during the reign of Muhammad Guri Khan. After that, Mamluks in 12061290, Halacians in 1290-1320, Tugluks in 1320- 1413, and Ludis until 1526. At the beginning of the fifteenth century, Timur Khan annexed a large part of India with his army. Thus began the Turkish-Indian Empire in India. Babur Shah, a descendant of Timur Khan, conquered all of India and established the Gorganiye (Mughal Empire) State (see Mughal Empire). This state ruled for 342 years in the region until the British invasion of India. During the Mughal Empire, hundreds of great Islamic scholars grew up in India and showed people the right way and taught knowledge. They destroyed the bid'ahs that were intended to be introduced into the religion of Islam. Some of the most famous among these great scholars are Imam-i Rabbani, Muhammed Ma'sum Faruki, Ubeydullah-i Ahrar, Muhammad Zahid, Dervish Muhammad, Muhammad Baki-billah, Nur Muhammed Bedevani, Mazhar-i Can-i ikimmmIndia, which is completely north of the equator, is in the hot zone. Lowland areas are humid and hot throughout the year. The main features of the Indian climate are monsoons, trade winds, temperature and irregular precipitation. In India, summers are rainy and winters are dry. The monthly average temperature varies between 25- 35°C. There are areas covered with snow at altitudes of 4500-5000 m. The rains brought by the monsoon winds vary according to the regions. The average precipitation in mountainous regions reaches 508 millimeters. This average reaches 254 mm in the Tar Desert, 10,000 mm in Assam, 254 mm in the Deccan, and 5000 mm in the Western Ghats. Tabi Vegetation and animals: It is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources. 22% of the country's land is forested. Especially the foothills of the Himalayas are densely forested. The forests in the foothills of the Himalayas do not shed their leaves. They are composed of palms, lianas, oak, bamboo and laurel trees. There are large forests in the northeastern part of the Deccan and in the Ganges Plain. The trees of these forests shed their leaves during the dry season. the highlands and jungles of India; It has all kinds of wild animals, endangered birds and very rare animals in the world. There are predatory animals such as tigers, leopards and lions. Wild animals such as wolves, bears, wild cats and foxes are abundant. There are elephant, musk deer, monkey, crocodile, lizard, scorpion, various types of snakes and all kinds of birds. Mines: India is a raw material warehouse in terms of mines and has drawn nations throughout history. It has 25% of the world's iron reserves and 80% of the mica reserves. It is the second country in the world in terms of bauxite reserves and the third country in terms of manganese reserves. Other underground mines mined in India are chromium, lead, coal, gold, silver, copper, uranium, titanium and petroleum. In addition, limestone and ammonium sulphate fertilizer and gypsum necessary for reinforced concrete and liquid gypsum are mined in Rayasthan and Gujarat regions. India is one of the few countries in the world in terms of diamonds and emeralds
